![]() The late 19th century saw France embark on a massive program of overseas imperialism - including French Indochina (modern day Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos) and Africa (the Scramble for Africa brought France most of North-West and Central Africa) - which brought it in direct competition with British interests. In 1830, France invaded Algeria, and in 1848 this north African country was fully integrated into France as a département. ![]() Savoy and Nice were definitively annexed following France's victory in the Franco-Austrian War in 1859. France's territorial limits were greatly extended during the Empire through Revolutionary and Napoleonic military conquests and re-organization of Europe, but these were reversed by the Vienna Congress. The 19th century would complete the process by the annexation of the Duchy of Savoy and the County of Nice (first during the First Empire, and then definitively in 1860) and some small papal (like Avignon) and foreign possessions. By the French Revolution, the Kingdom of France had expanded to nearly the modern territorial limits. ![]()
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